鸭饲料代谢能测定方法的研究 Ⅰ.鸭TME测定的消化道排空期和排泄物收集期

Bioassay for Metabolizable Eeergy in Ducks Ⅰ. The Effect of Duration of Starvation and Excreta Collection Time on The True Metabolizable Energy

用建昌成年公鸭探讨了不同类型饲料(豆饼、菜籽饼、小麦麸、统糠、牛鞭草粉、玉米、小麦)TME测定的适宜消化道排空期和排泄物收集期。排空处理为24和/或32、40小时,收集期为24、32、40、48小时。结果表明,除牛鞭草粉外,各饲料排空40小时组累积排泄物质和各收集段出能量均显著(P<0.05)低于24、32小时排空组,AME、TME值高于(P<0.05)32、24小时组。不同收集时间的TME值差异不显著(P>0.05),而对AME值的影响因饲料而不同。鸭强饲麸皮和基础饲粮后消化道残留干物质量在饲后40小时低于24、32小时,48、56小时最低。综上结果,鸭TME测定的消化道排空时期以40小时为宜,收集期视饲料性质而异,能量蛋白质饲料可在32—40小时,粗饲料、粮麸类应适当延长。

Adult, male J: an-Chang Ducks were used to study the duration of starvation prior to force feeding and the excreta collection peroids for true metabolizable energy (TME)of nine feedingstrffs (soybean meal, rapeseed meal, wheat bran, rice bran, maize, wheat, white clover, duckweed and Iimpograss). Ducks were starved for 24,32,40 hrs,and the excreta were collected quantitatively at 24,32,40 and 48 hrs following force feeding. The mean TME values of the feeds, except Iimpograss, were significantly higher (P<0.05)and cumulative dry matter excretion,excreta energy were lower (P<0.05) in ducks starved for 40 hrs than those starved for 24hrs. The excreta collection time had no significant effect on TME value of all feedingstuffs, whereas the effect of excreta collection on the AME varied with the kinds of feeds. In another experiment, residues in the gut of wheat bran fed and bassi diet-fed ducks were sinificantly lower in 40,48 and 56 hrs than those starved ducks in 24,32 hrs after feed jnput. It was concluded that the proper duration of starvation for bioassay of TME in ducks is 40 hrs. The excreta collection period was substantial accoreing to the nature of feedingstuffs. The colletion time for soybean meal, rapeseed meed, wheat brtan, wheat, and maize required 32 to 40 hrs, and fibrors rice bran, white clover,and duckweed required more than 40 hrs.