3901例脑出血病例特点分析

Changes in clinical characteristics of cerebral hemorrhage of 3?901 cases

目的 总结脑出血的临床发病特点、危险因素及死亡原因。方法 对 1 995年以来的 2 0 6例脑出血死亡患者危险因素及死亡原因以及 1 972～ 1 996年间住院脑出血 3 90 1例发病特点进行分析。结果 ≤ 50岁发病者 ,1 992～1 996年比 1 972～ 1 976年增长 2 .6倍 ,其中≤ 40岁者增长 6 .3倍 ;发病的危险因素 ,>50岁组以高血压为主 ,≤ 50岁组以吸烟、饮酒及不健康生活方式为主 ;血压持续增高是导致上述 2组患者死亡的主要原因 ,而 >50岁组还以并发症为突出 ,是≤ 50岁组的 9.9倍。结论 脑出血有明显年轻化趋势 ,不良嗜好及不健康生活方式正逐渐成为中。

Objective To explore the transition of disease age, risk factors and cause of death in cases of cerebral hemorrhage. Methods 206 fatal hospitalized cases of cerebral hemorrhage since 1995 were consecutively observed for the risk factors and cause of death. Another group of 3901 hospitalized cases from 1972 to 1996 was analyzed for clinical characteristics. Results When the patients aged below 50 were defined as young group while older than 50 as old group, the proportion of young patients from 1992 to 1996 was 2.6 times higher than that from 1972 to 1976. Similarly the proportion of patients aged below 40 in the last five years was 6.3 times higher than the proportion in the first five year period. The risk factors for the onset of hemorrhage were different for different age groups. Hypertension was most important for old patients, while for their younger counterparts, smoking, drinking and unhealthy life style ranked the first three among the risk factors. In terms of reasons of death, complication was the most protruding cause which was over 9.9 times higer in old group than that in the younger group. Conclusion The onset age of cerebral hemorrhage tends to be younger. Unhealthy habit and life style are gradually becoming the significant risk factors relevant to the onset of stroke among younger patients.