南海台风发生发展中大气热源和能量转换与输送特征

CHARACTERISTICS OF ATMOSPHERIC HEAT SOURCES AND ENERGY CONVERSION AND ITS TRANSPORTATION IN TYPHOON FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OVER SOUTH CHINA

对南海台风发生发展过程中大气热源的结构变化及能量转换研究,可以得到,低层增湿和高层反气旋叠加在低层热带低压上为台风发生发展提供了热力和动力条件。而大气热源与台风发生发展关系密切,随着台风发展,大气热源逐渐增大,最大加热率[Q_1]可达46°C/D,出现在400hPa上;[Q_2]可达34°C/D,出现在600hPa上.在台风发生发展中正、斜压不稳定能量转换具有一定的贡献.

The structure variation of atmospheric heat sources and characteristics of energy conversion and its transportation in typhoon formation and development over South China Sea are discussed in this paper. Results obtained state that atmospheric heat sources are closely related to the formation and development of typhoon. Before the formation of typhoon, the numerical values of atmosperic heat sources are smallest and following the formation and development of typhoon, atmospheric heat sources are gradually increased. Maximum heating level [Q1] occurs at 400hPa, its values reaching 46℃/D, [Q2] occurs at 600hPa, its value reaching 34℃/D. The energy conversion of barotropic and baroclinic instability have certain contribution in the formation and development of typhoon.