脊髓空洞的MRI诊断与鉴别诊断

MRI Appearance of Syringomyelia:the Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis

目的 分析 18例各种原因所致脊髓空洞的MRI表现及鉴别诊断。方法 18例脊髓空洞病例 ,全部病例经手术或治疗随访证实。MRI重点观察脊髓及其空洞的形态和信号特征。结果 18例脊髓空洞中 ,脊髓肿瘤性空洞 7例、Chiari畸形所致 5例、创伤后空洞 4例、自发性脊髓空洞 2例 ;空洞累及颈或胸髓 ,空洞均位于脊髓中央管 ,范围从 2～ 13个脊髓节段不等 ,空洞内信号变化同脑脊液。但不同原因的空洞又有各自不同的合并症或特点。结论 脊髓空洞主要由于脊髓肿瘤、Chiari畸形、创伤、自发性脊髓空洞等引起 ,不同病因空洞的MRI表现各不相同 ,据此可进行鉴别诊断。

Objective To analyse the MR diagnosis and differential diagnosis of syringomyelia caused by different diseases. Methods Eighteen cases were confirmed by pathology or operation treatment.MRI appearance stressed on the morphology and signal characteristic of spinal syringomyelia. Results Of all 18 syringomyelia cases,7 of 18 had associated tumors,and 5 associated with the chiari I malformation,4 of 18 had posttraumatic syringomyelia,2 of 18 had idiopathic syringomyelia.All patients had spinal cord cavities extending to cervical and thoracic cord,all syringomyelia located in the central canal of spinal cord and ranged from 2 to 13 vertebra segments in length.Within the cavities the MR signal intensities were the same as CSF,but different kinds of diseases had different MR characteristics and complications. Conclusion Syringomyelia are mainly caused by tumor,trauma,chiari malformation and idiopathic.MRI can demonstrate the different characteristics of each kind of syringomylia. [