现代戏剧的情节模式

Plot Mode of Modern Theatre

并非任何现代人所创作的戏剧都可称为现代戏剧。所谓现代戏剧也不是指一切反映现代生活题材的戏剧。现代戏剧应被界定为现代主义及其影响下的(现实主义)戏剧,即以现代主义戏剧为主导的戏剧(包括现代主义影响下的现实主义戏剧)。在世界范围内,易卜生和斯特林堡是现代戏剧的两个开拓者。在中国话剧的范围内,田汉、(特别是)曹禺开创了现代戏剧。若要把握当代中外戏剧发展的走向,不可不了解下述五种基本的现代戏剧情节模式:自我冲突的梦幻场景;内外生活二重奏;戏中戏的双层结构;虚拟悬念的变形发展;社会反讽的惊奇展示。在现代性与传统性交汇的基础上,这些基本的情节模式还可交叉结合,从而探索理性戏剧与非理性戏剧相结合的可能性。

Not all dramas written by modern people can be labeled as modern theatre.Nor all those that mirror modern life.It should be defined as modernistic drama and(realistic)drama un - der its influence.That means theatre which takes modernistic drama as its leading factor(includ - ing realistic drama under the influence of modernism).In the world,Ibsen and Strindberg are two pioneers of modern theatre.In the field of Chinese modern drama,Tian Han and(especially)Cao Yu open a new chapter of modern theatre.It is necessary to comprehend the following five basic plot modes in order to follow the development of contemporary theatre both in China and abroad:self-conflict in dreamlike scenes,duet of inner and outer life,double-layer structure of drama within drama,transformation of fictitious suspense and amazing display of social irony.On the convergence of modernity and tradition,these plot modes can be combined so as to find possibili - ties of joining rationalistic theatre with non-rationalistic one.