成就与不足——浅议郭沫若的《周易》研究

On GUO Mo-ruo's scholarly research on Zhouyi

郭沫若的《周易》研究以“新兴科学的观点”来审视《周易》,在古史辩派的基础上,深入到了古代的思想及制度,使传统的经学研究一变而为社会的、文化的和哲学的研究,他不仅开辟了《周易》研究的新领域,而且也成为用《周易》打开认识“古代真实”大门的第一人。这也正是郭沫若《周易》研究的价值所在。但同时郭沫若的《周易》研究也存在不足,如对材料的时代性未能划分清楚,得出了错误的结论;以传解经的错误;疏于考证,有臆测成分及趋时、片面的批评,这也是评价郭沫若的《周易）研究时不可回避的部分。

Departing from the burgeoning scientific viewpoints and basing on the viewpoints of the school of argument about the ancient history of China, GUO Mo-ruo deepened his research on Zhouyi into ancient thought and system, turning traditional Confucian classics studies into a social, cultural and philosophical research. Not only did he open new realms for Zhouyi studies, but also became the first person beginning to recognize the ancient reality by his re-search on Zhouyi. It is on account of these achievements that his research is valuable. But, defects also exist in his research: he didnt clarify the ages of the materials he used, and thus worked out some wrong conclusions; he also interpreted the ancient text of Zhouyi with the Commentaries of later generations; he was negligent in rigid textual research, so his research was mixed with conjectures and biased criticism to follow the fashion of his time. All these de-fects should not be neglected in reviewing his research on Zhouyi.