论焦循对“卦变”说之批评及其《易》学建构

On JIAO Xun's criticism on the theory of transforming among the hexagrams and the establishment of his I Ching learning

焦循破除汉人“卦变”说之非,在《易》学史上颇具远识及贡献。他自己创立的另一套解《易》体系,有以下特点:（一）这是一套“之卦”学说,而不是“卦变”说。它是在既定和已生成的64卦基础上,用阴阳互变的“爻动”（爻之）关系解释《周易》经传,不存在卦与卦的相生成问题。（二）焦循这套学说,虽然体系繁密,但不符合历史事实,且多为强《易》就例、牵强附会之论。（三）焦循并没有最后解决《易》学史上“卦变”说的千古难题。

JIAO Xun showed his deep insight and contributions in the history of I Ching (the Book of Change) learning by his criticism against the theory of transforming among the hexagrams popular in the Han Dynasty and established another system to interpret Yi. The characteristics of the system are as follows: (1) it is a theory of transformed hexagrams, but not hexagrams transforming, for he, on the basis of the definite and transformed 64 hexagrams, interprets the Text and Commentaries of Zhouyi with the transforming between Yin and Yang, thus it is not about the mutual producing between hexagrams; (2) though this system is diverse and complicated, its contents do not accord with the historical facts, and stretches the meaning to yield to his own rules; (3) JIAO Xun did not solve the problem of the theory of transforming among the hexagrams through ages in the history of I Ching learning after all.