钱穆的中西史学比较观

Qian Mu's View of Comparative History of the East and the West

中西史学比较研究是钱穆史学思想的重要内容 ,钱氏往往是以此来阐明史学的本质、方法、功用和中国史学精神。其中西史学比较研究主要包括中西史学关于历史中人与事关系的认识、史学的通变观、史学的体例和体裁、史学编纂方法、史学功用、史学发展形式等方面。钱穆的中西史学比较观是建立在他的民族文化生命史观基础上的 ,意在为他的中国史学优越论和中国历史文化优越论提供理论和历史的依据。它既有积极合理性 ,也表现出文化保守性和民族狭隘性。

The comparative study between Chinese history and Western history is one of the important contents of Qian Mu's thoughts of history. He usually expounded the historical nature, ways, functions and the spirits of Chinese history by comparisons. The comparative studies mainly involoved the understandings of interrelations of people and events in history, the historical views of general changes, the historical types of literature and styles, the methods of historical compilation, the historical functions, the ways of historical development and so on. His thoughts on contracting Chinese History with Western History is based on his historical view of national cultural life. He hoped to add the theoretical and historical basis to his views of superiorities of Chinese history and culture. There are rationalities and positivities, also some cultural conservatism and national parochialism in his thoughts. ;