明清时期陕北社会宗族的形成与发展

The Form and Development of Patriarchal Clan in the North of Shaanxi Province During Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清时期 ,大量移民迁入陕北地区 ,组成不同类型的村庄。来自山西大槐树的传说 ,其背景是国家掌握了开发陕北的控制权。清代前期 ,陕北宗族一系列仪式、制度逐渐确立和规范 ,这是当地儒生实践儒家伦理的自觉行为与封建国家以教化为手段控制地方社会相契合的结果。同时 ,陕北宗族发展中表现出宗族与村庄紧密结合的特征 ,也反映了自然生态和社会结构之间的相互作用。

In Ming and Qing dynasty, a large number of migrants moved in the north of Shaanxi province, and they formed different types of villages. According to the legend of the big pagoda tree in Shanxi province, its background was that the country had the control of developing the north of Shaanxi province. In the early of Qing dynasty, a series of rituals and systems in patriarchal clan of the north were gradually set up and standardized, which was resulted from ways combining conscious behavior of local confucian scholars' practical theories of confucianism and education of feudal countries dominated the local society. Meanwhile, development of patriarchal clan of the north had the characteristics of integration of patriarchal clan and villages, and it showed the interaction between natural ecology and social structure.