唐病坊表徵

Notes on the Bingfang in the Tang Dynasty

唐代病坊设置于何时，职掌何事，其渊源所自及与佛教之关系是什么，目前学界鲜有专文论及。笔者在排比史料、勾稽史实的基础上，认为唐代病坊肇建于玄宗开元二十二年（７３４年），其前身则滥觞子则天长安时（７０１－７０４年）的悲田养病院，主管收容贫病孤疾者。病坊经办权在唐官府和佛教寺院间频繁更迭，反映了唐统治者对佛教既利用又斗争的史实。

The Bingfang (病坊) served as hospital and was found in the Chang' an 长安 the Tang Dynasty. The present paper thinks that the Bingfang appeared in an embryonic form as early as 701 - 704, in the period of Wu Zetian 武则天 being on a throne. The real Bingfang was found at first in the 22nd year of the Kaiyuan 开元 eza of the Emperor Xuan 唐玄宗. The Bingfang housed the poors, the patients, and the loners. Responsible institution of the Bingfang was replaced between the government and the Buddhist temples frequently, this fact shows relations between goverment and Buddhist temple, i. e. the rulers of the Tang Dynasty struck and stroked Buddhism alternately..