1Slawecki, Leon M. S., French Policy Towards the Chinese in Madagascar, Connecticut:The Shoe String Press, 1971, p. 160.
2叶迅.《南非华侨情况忆述》.北京文史资料出版社,1983年版,第94—95页.
3Melanie Yap and Dianne Leong Man. Colour, Confusion and Concession:The History of the Chinese in South Africa, Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 1996, p. 260,261,255-277.