香蕉组织内的镰刀菌种及其致病性研究

STUDIES ON FUSARIUM SPECIES IN BANANA TISSUES AND ITS PATHOGENICITY

本文报导潜伏于香蕉(Musa sapientum L.)、芭蕉(Musa paradisiaca)和粉蕉(Musa cavendishii L.)组织内的镰刀菌种和变种,鉴定结果共有7个种和2个变种。其中香蕉、芭蕉幼果内,腐皮镰刀菌(Fusarium solani)各占总带菌果数的17.8％、26.8％,尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)各占1.8％、12.5％,三隔镰刀菌(Fusarium trieinctum)各占3.6％、14.3％,串珠镰刀菌(Fusarium moniliforme)各占8.8％、3.6％;粉蕉果实内的串珠镰刀菌占1.8％;香蕉幼果内的大型半裸镰刀菌(Fusarium semitectum var.majus)、串珠镰孢微胶变种(Fusarium moniliforme vat.subglutinans)均占1.8％。果穗轴,香蕉假茎内的有Fusarium Subglutinans;粉蕉假茎内的有Fusarium anthophilum和腐皮镰刀菌;芭蕉暴露空间的有腐皮镰刀菌和尖孢镰刀菌。通过对香蕉、芭蕉和粉蕉幼果的接种试验和分离结果,对香蕉和芭蕉幼果侵染力较强的有尖孢镰刀菌、半裸镰刀菌(Fusarium semitectum)、腐皮镰刀菌、串珠镰刀菌、串珠镰孢微胶变种、Fusarium subglutinans、Fusarium anthophilum和大型半裸镰刀菌,三隔镰刀菌较弱;对粉蕉幼果侵染力较强的有尖孢镰刀菌和串珠镰刀菌,其它均较弱或不受侵染。

Pure culture isolates of Fusarium spp. latent in young fruits of Muss sapientum L., Musa paradisiaca and Musa cavendishii L. were examined and 7 species including 2 varietise of Fusarium were identified.Fusarium solani predominated in Musa sapientum and Muss paradisiaca, representing 17.8％ and 26.8％ of the total samples collected.Virulence studise of the 7 species and 2 varieties based on inoculation and isolation experiments on young fruits of Muss sapientum L., Musa paradisiaca and Musa cavendishii L. showed that F. oxysporum, F.semitectum, F. solani, F. moniliforme, F. moniliforme var. subglutinans, F. subglutinans, F. anthophilum and F. semitectum var. majus could be rated as virulent to Musa sapientum and Musa paradisica, while F. tricinctum could be rated as weak in virulence, and only F. oxysporum and F moniliforme could be rated as virulent to Muss cavendishii.