中央、地方的矛盾与长安三年括户

Contradictions between the Central and Local Governments and the Population Survey in the Third Year of the Chang'an Reign during the Tang Dynasty

控制户口及其机制事关国家命脉。从宇文融括户到杨炎两税法实施 ,唐朝的历史与制度的演进重大而鲜明。这个历史过程的某些重要因子应该从武则天时期开始 ,而经常被忽视的是中央与地方的矛盾关系在其中的关键作用。括户本是地方政府的责任 ,但长安三年武则天政府却越过地方由中央派使括户 ,对地方政府的不信任是基本背景。而地方政府的不配合正是促使这次行动流产的重要原因。大谷文书 2 83 5号这一地方政府方面的资料 。

Control of households and their mechanism had a bearing on the lifeline of the nation. The history and institution of the Tang dynasty underwent an important and marked change from the population survey by Yuwen Rong to the implementation of the double taxation system devised by Yang Yan. Some of the important factors behind this historical process could be traced to the times of Wu Zetian and one of the vital factors, the contradiction between the central and local governments, was often overlooked. The responsibility of population survey was with the local governments, but, out of distrust in the local governments, Wu Zetian sent officials from the central government to do the job, bypassing the local governments. Non cooperation from the latter led to the ultimate failure of the operation.