“先打黄维”决策过程考辨

A Deliberation on the Process of the Decision on “Attacking the Army under Huang Wei First”

淮海战役中 ,解放军“先打黄维” ,是军事决策成功的典型事例。黄维兵团虽然孤立地从河南确山向宿县前进 ,但刘伯承起初提出打黄维时条件并不成熟。解放军将帅之间 ,由于有一个合理的指挥关系 ,统帅部随时根据前线将领的意见和战场情况修正作战命令 ,又充分尊重前敌将领临机决断的权力。在关键时刻 ,刘伯承独断的战场处置 ,得到了统帅部和华野将领的支持 ,调整了作战部署 ,终于使全军得到了高效的配置 。

The decision making process of “attacking the army under Huang Wei first” in the Huaihai Campaign was typical in the making of military decisions in the Peoples Liberation Army (PLA). Although the army under Huang Wei marched from Queshan of Henan to Suxian County in an isolated way, it was premature for Liu Bocheng to propose to surround and wipe out this army at first. There existed a rational commanding relationship between the PLA generals and their Supreme Command. The Supreme Command made timely amendments to its orders according to the suggestions from the generals at the front and the prevailing conditions on the battlefield and at the same time respected the right of the generals at the Front Command to make a quick decision as the situation demands. At the critical moment, Liu Bochengs daring decision on the deployment received full support from the Supreme Command and the generals of the Eastern China Field Army, the deployment was readjusted and the whole participant forces were most efficiently allocated, thus ensuring victory to the maximum.