试论人民公社的历史地位

On the Historical Status of the People's Communes

农村人民公社是我国农村社会发展史上持续时间最长、影响深远的农村社会制度 ,其对我国的经济发展和社会进步做出了无以替代的历史性贡献 :它为“工占农利”经济战略的实施提供有力的制度保障 ;其间 ,我国的农业生产有很大增长 ,农业生产条件得到显著改善 ;人民公社的社会保障制度以较低成本维持六七十年代我国农村的基本稳定。当人民公社保障我国工业化初步实现的历史使命基本完成后 ,一种新的农业生产经营制度———家庭联产责任制在人民公社的胚胎里酝酿而生 ,两者的此消彼长是我国农村社会发展必然结果。

Rural People's Communes have been the longest-lasting and most far-reaching of the social institutions in China's rural social development.They made an historic contribution to China's economic and social development.They provided an effective institutional guarantee for the economic strategy of‘industrial domination of rural interests’,and during their time agricultural production experienced major growth and production conditions were dramatically improved.The People's Communes'social security system maintained stability in rural China in the 1960s and '70s at a relatively low cost.When the People's Communes'social security system had initially fulfilled its historic task in China's industrialization,a new agricultural production system—the household responsibility system linked to production—emerged form the communes.