尹湾汉墓简牍“提封”释义──兼谈汉代土地统计方法问题

An Explanation of the Meaning of the Term "TIFENG" in the Bamboo Slips of the Yin Wany Han Tomb

文献和简牍中的“提封”一词并非如注家所理解的那样是“都凡”的“一声之转，皆大数之名”，而是“提封田”的简称。“提封田”是由井田法发展来的战国西汉土地统计的专门术语，即由井田的一方里一个计算单位发展为一百方里一个计算单位，先计算出土地总数，然后推“定”出垦田总数，作为征收田税的依据。这是战国授田制之下制土分民、以课促垦的沿续和发展。

The term 'TIFENG' in literatures and Bamboo slips is the abbreviation for 'TIFENG TIAN', not the meaning as customly ap- preciated. 'TIFENG TIAN' is a special term in the land statistics of the Warring States and the Western Han times which is the resul- tant development of the Well-shaped land system. This is the development from a square Li as a counting-unit in the Well-shaped land System to one hundred square Li as a counting unit. By this system, first count the total of land, then caculate and determine the total figur of the cultivated land, and use this figur as the basis for land taxation. This system is the continuation and development of the Granting land system in the Warring States Period which is granting land to people by adjusting land relation and promoting 1and cultiva- tion by levying tax.