从《帝鉴图说》看16世纪末的中国帝政

The Royal Politics in China at the End of the 16_(th) Century──Viewed from Di Jian Tu Shuo

１５７２年，明朝内阁首辅张居正和皇帝的讲读官员为引导小皇帝朱翊钧，于正史中广泛取材，慎重选择，以短篇故事的形式，典型地展现出从传说中的唐虞时代到北宋止的３０００余年间正反两方面的帝王形象，编成《帝鉴图说》。由于明代后期社会剧烈变迁的影响，这种看上去很有效的帝王教育方式也无能为力。这既是当时帝王政治的现实，也是明代社会急遽变化的侧面反映。

To cultivate the virtues of the young emperor Zhu Yi jun, then ten years old, Zhang Juzheng, the head of the royal cabinet, compiled a book entitled 'Di Jian Tu Shuo'in 1572. Based on the historical records to show all kinds of emperors from the legendary Yao & Shun Times to the Northern Song Dynasty, the book was written in the form of short story, highlighted by vivid pictures and concise comments, easy and familiar in style, implied with feudalistic morality. Though the book seems effective in royal education, it makes little help to mold him a sagacious emperor, due to the intense social changes of the late Ming. In short, it reflects both the reality of the royal politics and a facet of the social changes of the late Ming.