评美国的跨国市民社会运动与人权外交

America's Civil Society Movement And Human Rights Diplomacy

跨国市民社会运动是美国人权外交的重要内容之一。 2 0世纪 80年代初 ,美国、英国、法国和德国等国家曾与东欧各国和前苏联在 70年代末成立的反对派一起 ,开展了跨国市民社会运动。这次运动 ,是促使东欧巨变和前苏联解体的重要原因之一。 2 0世纪末 ,美国再次强调开展跨国市民社会运动的重要性。在跨国市民社会运动中 ,美国强调灌输普世人权观的重要意义 ,并利用经济全球化 ,使用强制性执行手段等方式来推行美国的人权标准。

Transnational civil society movement is one of the important strategies in America's human rights diplomacy.The Peace Movement in West Europe in the early 1980s,which was probably the largest transnational movement in the world,together with the opposition groups emerged in the late 1970s in Eastern Europe and in the former Soviet Union,contributed a great deal to the radical changes in Eastern European countries and the disintegration of the former Soviet Union.In the end of the 20 th century,the Americans call for a new transnational civil society movement. In the transnational civil society movement,The Americans have emphasized the cultivation of universality,the taking of the opportunity for economic globalization,and the employment of harder and more coercive enforcement measures to spread American human rights standard.