杂交鹅掌楸体细胞胚胎发生的扫描电镜观察

Observation of the Somatic Embryogenesis of Liriodendron chinense×L.tulipifera by Scanning Electron Microscope

利用电子扫描显微镜(SEM)对杂交鹅掌楸体细胞胚胎发生发育途径进行观察研究。结果表明,非胚性愈伤组织和胚性愈伤组织在表面结构上存在着明显的差异。胚性愈伤组织细胞体积较小,大小均一,多以细胞团形式存在,呈球形;非胚性愈伤组织细胞体积较大,不易成团,细胞之间孔隙较多。胚性细胞迅速增殖,其中一些细胞形成体胚的原始细胞,依次经历球形胚、心形胚、鱼雷胚和子叶胚发育成完整植株,在体胚发育过程当中保持较好的同步性和独立性。杂交鹅掌楸组织培养产生的胚状体具有明显的两极性和相对的独立性,体细胞胚尤其是成熟体胚与愈伤组织结合较松,易自行脱落。

The experiment aimed at observing the origin and development of somatic embryos of Liriodendron chinense×L.tulipifera by scanning electron microscopy.The results showed that the structure differences between embryogenic callus and non-embryogenic callus were distinct.We found that the cells of embryogenic callus were often small and equal.There were cell masses consisting of many embrgogenic cells and had the shape of ball.While the cells of non-embryogenic callus were so big that they cannot form cell masses and there was interspace between them.The embryogenic cells can propagate rapidly and some of them formed the primitive cell of the somatic embryos.The plantlet regenerations were developed from global embryo, heart-shaped embryo,torpedo-shaped embryo and cotyledon embryo.The embryogenic tissue cultured from Liriodendron hybrids had a significant polarity and relative independence.The somatic embryo,especially the mature somatic embryo,would become incompact with embryogenic callus and fall off easily.