连续干旱对土壤水分与植物存活影响调查研究

Impacts of Continuous Drought on Plant Growth and Soil Moisture

针对陕北1997—2001年连续5a干旱,通过对陕西省绥德县各种植物存活、生长情况实地调查,取样测定各层土壤水分含量,分析了该区干旱的因素。结果表明,该区土壤水分极低,干层加大,土壤干化严重,草地、农耕地0—100cm以内土壤含水量均低于4.2%,林地0—180cm内仅3.6%,刺槐林地0—500cm平均仅4.2%。导致植物大片死亡,农作物减产,有的作物不能适时播种甚至绝收。调查发现一些植物如侧柏、枣树、柠条、臭瓜、绿豆、高粱等表现出高度的耐旱特性。为今后防旱抗旱、退耕还林(草)及作物布局和品种的选择提供借鉴作用和科学依据。

Continuous drought in Northern Shaanxi Province was examined on the basis of its effects on plant growth and soil moisture. It was found that soil moisture in the study region has decreased, with very low soil moisture measured at depth in the soil profile. High plant mortality and reduced cropland productivity was also observed. The study also identified some plant species, such as oriental arborvitae, Chinese jujube, Caragana, Calabazilla, mung bean and broomcorn, with high drought tolerance.