安徽省儿童医院1992～2001年白血病患儿流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis on childhood leukemia in Anhui children’s hospital from 1992 to 2001

目的 :分析 10年期间安徽省儿童医院收治的确诊白血病患儿的流行病学特征。方法 :调集 10年间所有安徽籍儿童的白血病档案 ,EPIinfo 6 0 4建数据库 ,采用SPSS 10 0进行分析。结果 :13 2例病例中 ,1～ 5岁最多 ,占 5 6 1%。型别最多为ALL L1型 ( 5 0 76% ) ,其次为AML( 15 9% )。儿童白血病入院病例数呈总体上升趋势 ,年均上升 2 42 % ,P >0 0 5 ,其中ALL病例上升趋势明显 ,年均上升 9 1% ,P <0 0 1;AML呈下降趋势 ,年均下降 10 5 % ,P <0 0 5。血型的构成依次为A型 3 2 %、B型 2 5 %、O型 3 8%和AB型 5 %与安徽省自然人群的血型分布比较差异无统计学意义 ,P >0 0 5。季节分布为春季 3 6例、夏季 2 3例、秋季 3 4例和冬季 3 9例 ,无明显的季节波动。预后情况分别为好转占 15 90 %、医院内死亡占11 3 6%和自动出院占 72 74%。结论

OBJECTIVE:To study the epidemiological characteristics of childhood leukemia in Anhui Children’s Hospital during last 10 years. METHODS: The cases with confirmed residence in Anhui Province were included only. The cases of leukemia were recorded from 1992 to 2001. EPI soft package was used to set up database and the data was analyzed by SPSS. RESULTS:Altogether 132 cases (78 for boys and 54 for girls) were collected. In the age group 1-5 years,a climax of morbidity was found, taking up 56.1 percent of its total.The acute lymphoblastic leukemia( ALL ) L1 was the leading type (50.76%).The second type was acute myeloid leukemia(AML), comprising 15.9%. A significantly statistical increase was found in constituent ratio of ALL, annual 9.1%,P<0.01. The number of childhood leukemia cases increased too (annual 2.42 %), but no significance was found,P>0.05. The constituent ratio of AML decreased significantly, annual 10.5%, P<0.05. The distribution of blood type was the same as natural population in Anhui Province,and 72.74% cases gave up the treatment. CONCLUSION: The continuously upward trend of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and adverse treatment status should be taken into consideration.