摘要
采用“减小刀具刚度”的方法进行切削,从而改善了机械加工精度。对系统进行动态分析,建立二个自由度模型。在切削加工期间,将切削过程的等效刚度模拟为弹簧,在模拟系统中,附加了阻尼元件,而且还串联上刀具,恰当地选择元件的刚度,这样,即使减小了刀具的实际刚度,也会增加系统的稳定性,如果选择适宜的阻尼材料,装置设计合理.那么,就会在动态特性和机械加工精度(圆柱度)这两个方面获得好的效果。
The method of 'reducd stiffness in tools is discussed in the paper. The machining accuracy can be improved in this way. Also, analysis of the system characteristics is given and a model of two degrees of freedom is developed. The effective stiffness of the cutting process can be modeled as a spring during machining. After modeling the system it is found that by adding a damping element in series with the cutting tool and by a judicious choice of the stiffness of this element, the system stability can be increased even though the actual stiffness of the cutting tool is reduced. It also can be seen that significant benefits in terms of both dynamic behavior and machining accuracy (cylindricity)can be achieved in many cases if proper damping materials are used in judiciously designed embodiments.
