4种旱地耕作方法下不同覆盖形式对玉米产量的影响

Effect of Mulching-modes Based on Four Tillage Managements of Dry Land on Corn Yield

秋深耕+秋施肥+春免耕(A1)、秋浅耕+秋施肥+春免耕(A2)两种耕作方法明显优于其他耕作方法,每公顷增产玉米1009.5～1182.0kg;玉米整秆覆盖(B2)、玉米碎秆覆盖(B3)、地膜覆盖(B1)3种覆盖之间无显著差异,但都比不覆盖(B4)显著增产,每公顷增产玉米1031.7～1281.7kg。16个处理中,A1B3(秋深耕+秋施肥+春免耕+玉米碎秆覆盖)、A1B2(秋深耕+秋施肥+春免耕+玉米整秆覆盖)两处理的玉米产量最高,公顷产量达6508.5和6381.0kg,是干旱地区可选择的保墒蓄水增产耕作栽培形式。

Two methods of A_1 (deep-plough to subsoil in autumn +fertilize in autumn + no-tillage in spring) and A_2 (shallow-plough to subsoil in autumn+ fertilize in autumn +no-tillage in spring) were better than the others and increased corn yield with 1 009.5kg to 1 182.0kg per hactre when compared with A_4. There was no significant difference among the three mulchingmodes to soil of whole stalk-mulch(B_2), broken stalkmulch(B_3) and plastic film-mulch(B_1), while the three methods of A_1, A_2 and A_3 brought higher corn yield than non-mulch(B_4), with 1 031.7 to 1 281.7kg per hactre. Among all 16 controls of tillage management and mulching-modes, the corn yield of A_1B_3 and A_1B_2 were the highest and as high as 6 508.5kg and 6 381.0kg per hactre. The two methods of A_1B_3 and A_1B_2 were the effective cultivation methods on water storage and high production in dry land.