国家赔偿若干理论与实践问题

On Several Theoretic and Practical Issues of State Indemnity

《国家赔偿法》在实施中存在着几个主要问题:在赔偿责任主体方面,强化了机关责任淡化了国家责任;赔偿范围较窄,应当在权利、行为、事项等方面进行扩大;归责原则不够科学合理,多元化归责原则适用于不同的侵权行为;赔偿标准太低,人身权损害的赔偿标准应当提高,增加精神损害赔偿,财产权损害的赔偿,原则上应当与民事赔偿标准一致;赔偿程序在公正和便民方面有待改进,取消确认程序,将先行处理程序变为可选择程序,决定程序变为诉讼程序;补充和完善国家赔偿责任种类;强化对赔偿判决或决定的执行程序和执行措施;修改和完善国家赔偿的举证责任制度,公平分摊举证责任。

There are several major problems in the State Indemnity Law. For example, it strengthens the administrative organ's liability and weakens the state's liability; The indemnity's scope is too narrow; The indemnity standard is too low; The indemnity process has to be made more just and more convenient; etc. The authors propose their suggestions and advices in revise this law.