西南干热河谷地区酿酒葡萄化控破眠研究

Effects of chemicals on dormancy breaking of wine grapecultivars under dry-hot climate in Southwestern China

2001～2002年,在四川省攀枝花地区对霞多丽、佳美、梅尔诺和黑虎香4个葡萄品种休眠冬芽进行了化学药剂打破休眠的处理,并对萌芽率和提前萌发时间进行了调查。结果表明,CaCN2,H2CN2和H2CN2+Tween80均具有促进葡萄植株萌芽的作用;3个处理时期以01-10的处理效果最佳;最佳处理组合为10g/LH2CN2+Tween80;不同葡萄品种对化学处理的反应亦不相同,萌芽时间按提前天数依次为霞多丽、佳美、梅尔诺和黑虎香;萌芽率按提高程度依次为梅尔诺、佳美、霞多丽和黑虎香。

During 2001 to 2002,dormant buds of four grapevine cultivars grown in the region of Panzhihua were treated immediately after pruning with budbreaking chemicals.Then the sprouting rate and time were surveyed.The result indicates that CaCN_2,H_2CN_2 and H_2CN_2+Tween 80 have apparent effects to promot sprouting.The best time to treat is in winter with the lowest temperature (Jan.10) and the most effective chemical is 10 g/L H_2CN_2+Tween 80.Moreover,four wine grape cultivars with different maturity phase have different effects to promot sprouting when treated with budbreaking chemicals.The list of cultivars from the first to the last is Chardonny,Gamay,Merlot and Fox according to the effects to promot sprouting.Chardonny and Fox have worse uniform of sprouting than in control.The data of next year's sprouting percentage indicated that the treatment of 10 g/L H_2CN_2+Tween 80 in Jan.10 had the best (effects to) improve sprouting percentage.