基于声传递矩阵法的汽车排气消声器设计

Exhaust Muffler Design of Automotive Based on Acoustic Transfer Matrix

基于消声器声传递矩阵法,推导了几种非基本声学子结构的声传递矩阵,编制了消声器性能仿真计算及优化程序,利用该程序针对某实际汽车排气消声器进行了结构优化设计,并使该消声器满足该车车外加速噪声控制和实际空间布置要求。在此基础上,对改进的消声器进行了发动机台架插入损失和功率损失实验。结果表明,设计的消声器消声性能良好,其最大消声量达到 22. 9dB(A),且内燃机的输出功率变化不大,满足该车对消声器提出的性能要求。

Based on acoustic tranfer matrices analytical method acoustic transfer matrices of some non-basic acoustic substructures are deduced,a program of emulating and optimizing muffler’s characteristic is written.Aiming at the muffler of a certain mini-car structural optimization design is carried out with the program.The muffler is been up to the requirements of pass-by noise control and space collocation of the mini-car.On this condition insert-loss and power-loss indoor tests of the improved muffler are carried out.The results show that the muffler, which is designedby using acoustic transfer matrices method,has very good noise elimination capability.Maximal value of noise elimination is up to 22.9 dB(A) but output power of the internal-combustion engine does not greatly change.It satisfies the performance requirements of the mini-car.