台湾海峡及邻近海域主要无脊椎动物食性特征及其食物关系研究

Study on feeding habits and food relationship of main economic invertebrates in Taiwan Strait and its adjacent areas

对台湾海峡及邻近海域14种主要经济无脊椎动物的胃含物进行了鉴定分析。结果表明 :这些无脊椎动物对饵料生物无明显的选择性 ,均为混合食性。其食性类型可分为 :游泳生物食性类型、游泳动物和底栖动物混合食性类型、底栖生物和浮游动物食性类型、底栖生物食性类型、浮游动物和游泳动物食性类型。10种甲壳动物和4种头足类的营养级范围分别为1.64～2.60级和2.04～2.88级。除周氏新对虾(Metapenaeusjoyneri)、角突仿对虾(Parapenaeopsiscor nuta)和鹰爪虾(Trachypenaeuscurvirostris)属第二营养层次的杂食性动物外 ,其它的均属第三营养层次的肉食性动物。拥剑梭子蟹(Portunushaanii)、秀斑(Charybdisferiatus)、哈氏仿对虾(Parapenaeopsishardwickii)和杜氏枪乌贼(Loligoduvaucelii)的食物生境宽度较大 ,它们对各种饵料生物的利用更趋均衡。4种头足类之间、3种蟹类之间食物重叠显著。长尾类、短尾类、鱼类和腹足类是台湾海峡主要无脊椎动物营养层次能量传递中的关键功能类群。

Feeding habits and food relationship of 14 invertebrates were studied in this paper. The results show they are omnivorous. In terms of ecological type, they belong to nekton, nekton-benthos, zooplanktons-benthos, benthos, and zooplanktons -nekton. The nutrient levels of 10 crustacea and 4 cephalopod are 1.64～2.60 and 2.04～2.88. Besides, Metapenaeus joyneri,Parapenaeposis cornuta, Metapenaeposis barbata, and Trachypenaeus curvirostris are omnivorous in the second nutrition level, Others are carnivores in the third nutrition level. The diets among 3 species of crab, 4 species of cephalopod are overlapped siguificantly. Macrura, Brachyura, fish and Gastropoda are key species in the energy transfer in nutrition level.