泌尿系感染病原菌现状及体外耐药性监测

Drug Resistance of Pathogens in Urinary System Infection

目的了解泌尿系感染病原菌的现状及体外耐药性,为临床医师提供诊断和治疗依据。方法对2000年1月～2003年12月间,我院住院及门诊患者尿培养分离出的237株病原菌进行鉴定和体外耐药性监测。结果泌尿系感染菌株以大肠埃希菌为主,占57.9%;其次为肠球菌属、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、真菌;体外耐药监测表明肠杆菌科细菌对亚胺培南保持着100%敏感性,对其他抗生素耐药率均较严重;革兰阳性球菌耐药率也相当严重,但万古霉素对革兰阳性球菌保持100%的敏感性。结论泌尿系感染最主要病原菌为大肠埃希菌,由于病原菌耐药率呈上升趋势,临床医师应积极送检,根据尿培养结果合理地选用抗菌药物进行治疗。

OBJECTIVE To know the present status and drug resistance of pathogens in urinary system infection. METHODS A total of 237 pathogen strains in urinary system infection from inpatients and outpatients from Jan 2000 to Dec 2003 were identified and the drug resistance test was preformed. RESULTS Escherichia coli rated the top one (57.9%), the next were Enterococcus, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and fungi. The result of drug resistance suggested that Enterobacteriaceae be resistant to several antibiotics, but still sensitive to imipenem (100%). G+ Cocci were also showed very serious drug ~resistance, but still sensitive to vancomycin (100%). CONCLUSIONS E. coli is the main infectious bacterium in urinary infection. Rational use of antibiotics should be carried out according to urine culture results.