中学生抑郁症状的流行病学特征研究

An epidemiological study on depressive symptoms in 2634 middle school students

目的调查和分析中学生抑郁症状的流行病学特征。方法 采取横断面调查,使用Beck抑郁自评问卷(BDI)、Zung氏抑郁问卷 (SDS)对 12所中学的初一至高三 2 634名中学生进行测试。结果(1)中学生抑郁症状的发生率为 42. 3%,其中轻度为 14. 6%,中度为 15. 3%,重度为 12. 4%,且不同年龄、年级中学生的轻、中、重抑郁症状存在差异; (2)重点中学抑郁症状学生占 40. 4%,普通中学抑郁症状学生占 44. 8%,普通中学的抑郁症状学生显著多于重点中学的学生; (3)中学抑郁症状男生占 39. 5%,中学抑郁症状女生占 45. 1%,抑郁症状的女生显著多于男生。结论 中学生中抑郁症状较为普遍存在,中学生心理保健工作应引起重视。

Objective To survey the prevalence of depressive symptoms in the middle school students. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Zung Self-Depression Scale(SDS) in 2643 students of 12 middle schools. Results (1) The prevalence of middle school students depressive symptoms was 42.3%, in which the prevalence of mild, moderate and severe depressive symptoms in the population of the middle school students was 14.6%, 15.3% and 12.4% respectively, with age and grades significant differences emerging; (2) there is a significant typical-school difference in the prevalence of middle school students depressive symptoms: the prevalence of the ordinary middle school students depressive symptoms (44.8%) is higher than that of the key middle school students depressive symptoms (40.4%); (3) there is a significant gender difference in the prevalence of middle school students depressive symptoms: the prevalence of girls depressive symptoms (45.1%) is higher than that of boys depressive symptoms (39.5%). Conclusion Most of the investigated students have depressive symptoms.