大学生毕业前心身障碍的防御机制研究

Psychosomatic disorders of university students and their defensive mechanism before graduation

目的 探讨心身障碍的大学毕业生采用心理防御机制的特点。方法 按不同专业分层抽样,采用中国心身健康量表(CPSHS)和防御方式问卷(DSQ),在毕业前对 457例大学生进行上述测试。以CPSHS各因子至少有一项T分≥70和L量表T分<70为心身障碍的筛查标准。结果 大学毕业生心身障碍占全部受试的 13. 6%,女生发病率 ( 20. 13% )明显高于男生 ( 10. 26% );心身障碍组的不成熟因子(F1)、中间型因子(F3)、掩饰因子(F4)均分显著高于正常对照组,成熟因子 (F2 )与正常对照组无显著差异;F1、F3与心身障碍呈密切的正相关, F4与心身障碍呈密切的负相关;F2与心身障碍的相关无显著性。结论 提示在大学毕业生心身障碍的发病中介机制中不成熟型防御机制或中间型防御机制或掩饰因子的习惯性使用发挥重要作用。在毕业前对大学生进行心理健康教育显得特别重要,尤其是对女性毕业生的心理健康教育。

Objective To investigates the relationship of psychosomatic disorder to defensive mechanism in university students before graduation. Methods Using CPSHS (China Psychosomatic Health Scale),DSQ (Defensive Style Questionnaire), 457 students were selected by randomized block sampling and tested before graduation respectively.The diagnosis criteria of psychosomatic disorder is that T score of one factor at least in CPSHS≥70 and T score of L<70. Results The percentage of psychosomatic disorders of students before graduation is 13.6%, especially the percentage of psychosomatic disorders of female student(20.13%) is significantly greater than male student(10.26%). The average score of immature (DSQ-F1), intermediate (DSQ-F3) and lie (DSQ-F1) in the psychosomatic disorder students are higher than healthy control significantly. Conclusion The psychosomatic disorder students before graduation are apt to adopt more immature or intermediate defensive mechanism and lie to cope with daily life events. Mental health education project is very important for university students, especially in female students.