老年人高血压与认知功能障碍的关系

The relation of hypertension and cognitive impairment in old people

目的 评价老年人高血压与认知功能障碍之间的关系。方法 对 1 560例老年人进行MMSE量表测定,根据DSM IV及MCI诊断标准分为四组: 1. 认知功能正常; 2. 轻度认知功能障碍(MCI);3.阿尔茨海默病(AD); 4.血管性痴呆 (VaD)。同时测定血压并对年龄、教育程度矫正后进行统计分析。结果 AD组与正常组的平均动脉收缩压 (SBP)存在显著差异: (146. 45±21. 12)mmHgvs( 140. 29±20.06)mmHg(P<0. 01);同样VaD组的PAS也存在显著差异: (150. 33±22. 43)mmHgvs(140. 29±20. 06 )mmHg(P<0. 01);轻度认知功能障碍 (MCI)组与认知功能正常组之间的SBP也有显著差异: ( 144. 11±21. 47)mmHgvs(140. 29±20. 06 )mmHg(P<0. 01 )。AD组与正常组进行比较,其DBP水平也有升高,(84. 39±13. 37)mmHgvs(81. 01±12. 13)mmHg(P<0. 01)。且MCI组、AD组及VaD组中的高血压患者比例也较正常组明显升高(64% vs49%,P<0. 01; 67% vs49%,P<0. 01; 78% vs49%,P<0. 01)。结论老年人高血压与认知功能障碍之间存在正相关,高血压可能是老年人痴呆的危险因素。

Objective To evaluate the relation of hypertension and cognitive impairment in old people. Methods 1 560 patients were divided by the diagnostic criteria MCI and DSM-IV into 4 groups: no dementia (ND,414 cases); mild cognitive impairment(MCI,431 cases); Alzheimer's disease(AD,618 cases);Vascular dementia(VaD,97 cases), measured pressure at the same time. Results There were significant increase of blood systolic pressure (SBP) in AD group compared with normal group (146.45±21.12 mmHg vs 140.29± 20.06mmHg P< 0.01). The same result exists in VaD group (150.33±22.43 mmHg vs 140.29±20.06 mmHg P<0.01) and MCI group (144.11±21.47 mmHg vs 140.29±20.06 mmHg P<0.01).Percentage of hypertensive patients have increased evidently in cognitive impairment group (P<0.01).Conclusion Hypertension is a risk factor of cognitive impairment.