快速胶体金免疫层析法的建立及其对血吸虫病的诊断效果

Establishment and evaluation of rapid colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA) for schistosomiasis diagnosis

目的建立一种快速、简便的血吸虫病免疫诊断方法。方法用金颗粒标记羊抗人多克隆抗体,建立快速胶体金IgG层析法(GICA-IgG),以此检测患者血清中的抗血吸虫抗体,并与常规间接血凝(IHA)抗体检测试剂进行比较。结果GICA-IgG和IHA两种方法对急性血吸虫病患者的检出率分别为95.24%(40/42)和100.00%(50/50);慢性血吸虫病患者的检出率分别为92.86%(130/140)和94.64%(106/112);正常人的阳性率分别为6.40%(8/125)和6.45%(8/124);与肝吸虫、肺吸虫和乙型肝炎患者的交叉反应率分别为3.13%(1/32)、14.81%(4/27)、12.00%(3/25)和6.25%(2/32)、51.61%(16/31)、4.00%(1/25)。对33例治疗前、治疗后0.5年和治疗后1年的同一患者进行疗效考核追踪观察,其血清0.5年和1年的阴转率GICA-IgG分别为50.01%、60.00%,IHA分别为16.13%、19.35%,两种方法的考核效果差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论胶体金IgG层析法具有敏感、特异、简便和快速的特点,有一定的疗效考核价值。

Objective To establish a simple and fast diagnostic assay for schistosomiasis. Methods Rapid colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay-IgG (GICA-IgG) was established by using gold granule to label goat anti-human polyclonal antibody. The serum antibodies of patients with schistosomiasis were detected by GICA-IgG, and also by indirect haemagglutination assay (IHA) as the parallel control. Results The positive rates of acute schistosomiasis with GICA-IgG and IHA were 95.24% (40/42) and 100.00% (50/50), respectively. The positive rate of chronic schistosomiasis was 92.86% (130/140) with GICA-IgG, 94.64% (106/112) with IHA. The positive rates of health people with the two assays were 6.40% (8/125) and 6.45% (8/124), respectively. The sera of patients infected with other parasitic diseases were also detected by the two assays. The cross reaction rates with clonorchiasis of the two assays were 3.31% (1/32) and 6.25% (2/32), respectively, 14.81% (4/27) and 51.61(16/31) with paragonimiasis, 12.00% (3/25) and 4.00 (1/25) with HBV, respectively. In the same 33 patients, the reverse negative rates half year after chemotherapy with the two assays were 50.01% and 16.13%, respectively; 60.00% and 19.35% one year after chemotherapy, respectively. There was a significant difference in accessing the effect of chemotherapy with the two assays. Conclusion GICA-IgG is one of simple, fast, sensitive and specific assays and has potential value in accessing the effect of chemotherapy.[