南朝禁卫武官组织系统考

On the Organization System of Palace Guard Officersin the Southern Dynasties

南朝禁卫武官制度主要是对东晋制度的继承和变革。南朝同样有以领军将军/中领军和护军将军/中护军为核心的禁卫武官制度,其下有左、右卫将军等各级禁卫武官。刘宋还陆续恢复了前代卫尉、虎贲中郎将、武卫将军、积射将军、强弩将军等禁卫之职。南齐明确规定左、右卫将军以下禁卫诸职构成“西省”,与散骑诸职构成的“东省”相对。刘宋末年还出现了直将军,负责殿禁卫,极为机要。南齐直将军有了更大的发展,梁代又置位尊于直将军的朱衣直将军。南朝复置卫尉并具有“掌宫城管钥”的禁卫职能。《隋书·礼仪志六》所载大量低级禁卫武官名称,其中亦体现了梁天监旧制。

The system of palace guard officers in the Southern Dynasties inherited and transformed the system of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. With Lingjun General (Zhonglingjun) and Hujun General (Zhonghujun) as its core, there was also the system of palace guard officers in the Southern Dynasties. Different levels of guard officers such as Left and Right Wei Generals were set under them.The palace guard function of Weiwei,Huben Zhonglangjiang,Wuwei General,Jishe General and Qiangnu General in the former dynasties was resumed in the Liu’s Song Dynasty.The government of the Southern Qi Dynasty ordered clearly that, the palace guard officers under Left and Right Wei Generals made up of “West Sheng”opposite to “East Sheng”of Sanqi officers. Zhige General appeared in the last years of the Liu’s Song Dynasty, who was very confidential with responsibility for guarding the palace.It developed greatly in the Southern Qi Dynasty.And Red-cloth Zhige General was set above it in the Liang Dynasty.Weiwei was set in the Southern Dynasties with the function of managing the locks and keys of the palace city.The record of officers with lower rank in the Chapter Ⅵ of Convenance in History of the Sui Dynasty reflected the old system in the Tianjian’s years of the Liang Dynasty.