RNA:诱导基因沉默

RNA:Guiding gene silencing

在生物体中,双链RNA(double＿strandRNA,dsRNA)裂解后的小RNA可以诱导细胞质和基因组水平外源基因沉默。所谓基因沉默(genesilencing)是指生物体中特定基因由于种种原因不表达。小RNA能诱导互补信使RNA在转录后降解。RNA沉默是基因组水平的免疫现象,代表了进化过程中原始的基因组对抗外源基因序列表达的保护机制,在动植物进化中起着重要作用,RNA沉默具有抵抗病毒入侵、抑制转座子活动等作用,并调控蛋白编码基因的表达,具有十分诱人的应用前景。

Small RNAs derived from cleavages of double_stranded RNA could trigger epigenetic gene silencing at the cytoplasm and genome level.Gene silencing meant special gene that did not express in organisms by some reason.Small RNAs could guide posttranscriptional degradation of complementary messenger RNAs,In plants transcriptional gene silencing was caused by methylation of homologous DNA sequences.RNA silencing was a potent way to counteract foreign gene sequences and could play an important role in plant and animal development.Gene silencing could resist virus invading,inhibit transposon activation and self_gene proliferation. Moreover,it could adjust expression of protein coding gene with a very broad applied prospect.