西文“知识分子”词考

The Textual Research of the Foreign Language Word "Intellectual"

西文"知识分子"一词有俄文"Интеллигенция"、法文"intellectuel"与英文"intellectual"三大词源。国内大众话语、工具书与学术界在"知识分子"问题上存在的"有较高文化知识的脑力劳动者"与"社会批判者"之间分歧的根源,从词源上来看,源于"知识分子=知识+分子"与把"intellectual"理解为"manofknowledge"(知识人)。

The foreign language word 'intellectual' has three derivations:Russian 'Интеллигенция',French 'intellectuel',and English 'intellectual'.In national popular discourse,reference books,and academic,the origin of the bifurcation between 'the mental labor of having better culture and knowledge ' and 'the social critic',are based on both understandings of 'intellectual=knowledge+portion' and 'intellectual=a man of knowledge'.