迈向21世纪的化学电源

Chemical Power Sources Stride toward the 21st Century

回顾了上世纪化学电源的发展史 ,本世纪化学电源发展所取得的主要成就 ,以及存在的问题。指出化学电源的发展 ,取决于电器的发展、军事和航空航天事业的需求、汽车工业的尾气污染以及环保对电池的限制等。对电池本身来说 ,性能是随着电极过程动力学等理论渗入以及新材料的出现而不断发展的。随着人类文明的进步 ,物质水平的提高 ,需求量日益增多。着重分析了新世纪来临 ,化学电源发展前景。指出了性能水平的进一步提高要解决的主要问题 ,现有系列改进的潜力 ,可能诞生的新体系取决于什么条件 ,资源的枯竭 ,环保的要求 ,有的电池系列必然淘汰 。

This paper briefly looks back the development history for chemical power sources in the last century, reviews the major achievements and problems of the chemical power sources in current century.It points out that the development of batteries depend on the development of electrical devices,the requirement of the war and spaceflight, the demand of the environment protection,et al.The battery performance improved with the emerge of new materials and the research of electrode kinetics.It emphatically analyses the development prospect in the new century,point out the improvement potential for current batteries,some batteries will be certainly obsolete,and probably appears a new series of battery.