骨髓增生性异常综合征与巨幼红细胞贫血的细胞形态学比较

Morphocytologic comparison of MDS and MegA

目的通过对骨髓增生性异常综合征(MDS)和巨幼细胞性贫血(MegA)骨髓细胞进行形态学比较，提高其诊断与鉴别诊断水平。方法对78例MDS和52例MegA患者进行常规骨髓穿刺涂片进行瑞氏染色，光学显微镜下观察比较。结果MDS以奇数核和巨大红细胞、淋巴样小巨核最有诊断意义；MegA骨髓细胞呈“核幼质老”改变以红系为明显，粒系以中幼以下各阶段细胞巨幼样变，小巨核细胞数量明显减少，未发现淋巴样小巨核细胞。结论淋巴样小巨核细胞是MDS主要特征，MegA骨髓细胞呈“核幼质老”并以红系为明显，必要时可行其它辅助实验检查，提高MDS和MegA鉴别诊断水平。

Objective Through the morphocytologic comparison of MDS and marrow cells of MegA,the level of diagnosis and identification diagnosis was improved.Methods The normal bone marrow smears of 78 cases with MDS and 52 cases with MegA were stained by Rui′s staining method and then observed under optical microscope and compared.Results For MDS odd nuleus,great red cells and lymphoid small macronucleus were of great diagnosis value;bone marrow cells of MegA had a charateristic-juvenile nuclues and senile cytolipi...