我国棉花基因工程的研究进展

Progress in Cotton Genetic Engineering in China

本文概述了我国棉花基因工程研究所取得的主要成就.经近10年的努力,研制出单价Bt和双价Bt/CpTI转基因 抗虫棉,已审定的品种正在生产上大面积推广,累计种植面积达13.7万hm^2.同时还相应地建立了一整套Bt棉的实用化配套技术,包括遗传纯合、良种繁育、栽培、抗虫性鉴定、Bt蛋白表达量检测、棉铃虫的抗性治理、棉田害虫综合防治以及安全性评估技术等.棉花抗病基因工程和棉纤维品质改良的基因工程也取得了进展.

Achievements made in past decade in China in cotton genetic engineering were reviewed in this paper. Transgenic cotton with single Bt gene or double Bt + CpTI genes were generated. The registered vari-eties of Bt cotton have been widely adopted by farmers and the total acreage of Bt cotton was approximately 120,000 hectares in 1999. Meanwhile, a series of related techniques that could be practically used in commer-cial production, including the genetics, cultivation and propagation of selected lines, the bioassay of insectici-dal activities, the detection of Bt protein expression in transgenic plants, the resistance of cotton bollworm to Bt protein, the integrated pest management in cotton fields, and the biosafety assessment of Bt cotton etc. , were developed In addition, the progress in genetic engineering of cotton with resistance to fungal diseases and better fiber quality was also reviewed.