J2摄动影响下的卫星编队稳定性分析、仿真与构形设计

Analysis of Stability、Simulation and Configuration Design for Satellite Formation under the Influence of the J2 Perturbation

从坐标变换矩阵入手,得到小偏心率参考轨道卫星编队较精确的相对运动分析解,继而深入地分析在地球 J2 项摄动影响下编队构形的破坏机理并对构形破坏做出层次上的划分,为进一步地研究编队构形保持与控制方法提供思路;以此为基础,提出使卫星编队构形稳定的轨道约束条件,同时得到基于三轴(即参考卫星轨道的径向、沿迹向、轨道面法向)振动同步的编队构形设计方法;最后,通过使用 STK 软件的数值仿真证实了以上分析的正确性和方法的有效性。

Starting with the state transition matrix, the precise analytic solution of the small eccentricity reference orbit was obtained. Then the mechanism of formation drift due to the J2 perturbation was investigated and the drift of formation was split into several layers from which some ideas about satellite formation keeping and control could be provided. Based on the mechanism, the restriction on orbit that enables stable formation flying was derived and a method of satellite formation design came into being with which the relative motion in 3 orthogonal directions (radial, in-track, cross-track) would be synchronized. Finally, simulations with STK software were provided to demonstrate the correctness of analytical results and the efficacy of the proposed formation design method.