直肠癌前切除吻合器吻合652例的疗效分析

Clinical experience in the use of stapler anastomosis in anterior resection of rectal carcinoma

目的 研究直肠癌前切除时使用吻合器的效果。方法 回顾性分析 1 983至 2 0 0 0年间直肠癌前切除的 1 0 36例患者的临床资料 ,统计分析使用吻合器 (A组 )患者和未使用吻合器 (B组 )患者之间的差异。结果 使用吻合器直肠癌前切除每年的手术例数从 1 983至 1 987年间的 5例 年上升至 1 998至 2 0 0 0年的 1 4 7例 年。两组间有关临床指标比较如下 :(1 )TNM分期中 0、Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者在A组中占 5 3%,B组中占 6 2 %(P =0 . 0 0 4 ) ;(2 )肿瘤距肛缘不足 8cm的患者比例A组显著高于B组 (A组∶B组 =6 6 %∶39%) (P <0 .0 1 ) ;(3)下切缘长度超过 3cm患者的比例 (A组∶B组 =86 %∶88%) (P >0 . 0 5 ) ;(4)吻合口瘘发生率 (A组∶B组 =1. 7%∶1 . 8%) ;(5 )术后局部复发 (A组∶B组 =5 .5 %∶6 .3%)和远处转移 (A组∶B组 =1 6 %∶1 7%) ,(6 )术后 5年生存率 (62 %∶69%)差异均无统计学意义 (P >0 . 0 5 )。结论 使用吻合器直肠癌前切除手术安全性好、可增加中低位直肠癌保肛的可能、对远期生存率无不良影响。

Objective To evaluate the use of stapling anterior resection for rectal cancer. Methods Data of 1036 patients undergoing anterior resection for rectal cancer during 1983 to 2000 were reviewed retrospectively. Clinical results were compared statistically between patients who received stapling anastomosis (group A, n=652) and those did not (group B, n=384). Results The annual average stapler anterior resection increased from 5 cases per year (during 1983-1987) to 147 cases per year (1998-2000). The 0? Ⅰ? Ⅱ stage patients accounted for 53% in group A, and 62% in group B (P=0.004). There was higher percentage of patients in group A (66%) than in group B (39%) in which the distance from the lower edge of the tumor to anal verge was less than 8 cm (P<0.01). There were no significant differences between group A (86%), and group B (88%) with the length below the distal margin of the resected samples more than 3 cm. Anastomostic leak 1.7%∶1.8%, local recurrence (5.5%∶6.3%), distant metastasis (16%∶17%) and actuarial 5-year survival rate (62%∶69%) was not statistically different between the two groups. Conclusion Stapling anterior resection in cases of rectal cancer could be carried on safety, and increase the percentage of anal- preserving procedures.