慢性静脉高压促发静脉重塑的实验研究

Experimental Study on Venous Remodeling in Rats with Chronic Venous Hypertension

目的研究后肢慢性静脉高压大鼠股静脉组织结构的动态变化。方法HE、Masson、弹力纤维三染色方法结合图像分析技术,研究静脉高压大鼠股静脉的组织学改变;用透射电镜技术,研究股静脉超微结构改变。结果2-16周时,实验组静脉管壁较对照组显著增厚(P<0.05),实验组内各时间组问静脉管壁厚度差异显著(P<0.05);实验组股静脉内中膜比值(I/M%)显著增加(P<0.05),实验组内各时间组间I/M%差异显著(P<0.05);实验组和对照组在各时间组的胶原含量和平滑肌含量百分比无显著差异(P>0.05),对照组内、实验组内各时间组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。4-16周时,实验组和对照组大鼠股静脉壁单位面积(5000μm2)、平滑肌细胞核数和平滑肌细胞直径均差异显著,实验组内各时间组间差异显著(P<0.05)。超微结构观察,实验组平滑肌细胞肥大,向内膜下移行,由收缩型向合成型转化,胶原纤维增生。结论后肢慢性静脉高压可促使股静脉重塑。

Objective To investigate the changes of the structure of the femoral vein wall in the rats with chronic venous hypertension ( CVH). Methods Samples of the femoral veins were harvested and embedded in paraffin and sectioned. The slides were stained with HE, Victoria and trichrome Masson, and the images were analyzed with a color-image analysis system. The ultrastructure of the samples was examined by transmission electron microscopy. Results At 2 , 4,8, 12, 16 weeks, both the wall thickness and the intima/media (I/M) thickness ratio were larger in the CVH group than in the sham group (P<0.05). There were significant differences among all subgroups of the CVH group (P<0.05). At 0, 2 , 4, 8, 12 , 16 weeks, both the volume density of smooth muscle cells (SMC) and the collagen content did nor differ significantly between the CVH group and the sham group (P >0.05). There were no significant differences among all subgroups of the sham group and the CVH group (P >0.05). At 4 , 8, 12, 16 weeks , both the counted nuclei of SMC per fixed area (5 000 μm2) and the individual SMC diameter differed significantly between the sham group and the CVH group (P <0.05). There were significant differences among all subgroups of the CVH group (P<0.05). Ultrastructural study showed SMC migration, hypertrophy and de-differentiation into the synthetic phenotype and collagen proliferation. Conclusion Hindlimb chronic venous hypertension can induce SMC migration, hypertrophy and de-differentiation into synthetic phenotype and collagen proliferation, all together leading to venous remodeling.