普通菜豆种质资源形态多样性鉴定与分类研究

Morphological Diversity and Classification of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Germplasm Resource in China

对324份普通菜豆种质资源的形态多样性进行了研究。结果表明,我国普通菜豆种质资源具有丰富的形态多样性,平均多样性指数为1.632,高于国外材料(1.227)40.5%。通过多变量的主成分分析,第一主成分和第二主成分代表了普通菜豆形态多样性的44%。基于形态性状,把我国280份普通菜豆种质聚类并划分为三大组群:第一组群,生育期较短、植株较矮、籽粒较大、单株荚数和单荚粒数较少,生长习性以直立为主,主要来自东北和华北地区;第三组群,表现为生育期较长、植株较高、籽粒偏小、单株荚数和单荚粒数较多,生长习性主要以蔓生为主,主要来自于西南地区;第二组群普通菜豆的特征特性介于第一和第三组群之间,分布较广。

The morphological diversity and classification of 324 common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) germplasm resources were researched in the present study. The results showed that the morphological diversity was high among the accessions assessed. The average diversity index (1.632) was 40.5% higher than that of alien common bean germplasm. The first and second principal components totally represented 44% of morphological diversity. Based on the morphological data, 280 Chinese accessions were clustered into 3 groups. The accessions of the first group had shorter growth period and plant height, bigger seed size, less pods per plant and seeds per pod and determinate growth habit, etc. They were mainly from northeastern and northern regions of China. The accessions in the third group had longer growth period and plant height, smaller seed size, more pods per plant and seeds per pod and indeterminate growth habit, etc. They were mainly from southwestern. The main characters of second group were between the first and the third group. They was distributed widely.