昆虫取食诱导的植物防御反应

Plant defense responses induced by insect herbivory

植物被昆虫取食后可产生直接防御或间接防御。直接防御通过增加有毒的次生代谢产物或防御蛋白对昆虫生理代谢产生不利的影响 ,但对植物的消耗较大。间接防御通过释放挥发性化合物吸引天敌昆虫 ,并以此控制植食性昆虫。特异性的昆虫激发子 (insectspecificelicitors)能够诱导挥发性化合物的释放。多种信号途径参与昆虫取食诱导的植物防御反应 ,它们之间的相互作用协同或拮抗。了解昆虫取食诱导的植物防御反应 ,对于害虫综合治理策略的完善具有重要的意义。

Plants respond to insect herbivory with a myriad of inducible responses, broadly categorized as direct defenses and indirect defenses. Herbivore-induced plant direct defenses include the production of toxic metabolites and proteins. Direct defenses can negatively affect a herbivore's physiology, but exact large resource demands on plant metabolism. Plants can also defend themselves against herbivores indirectly by emitting specific blends of volatiles that attract carnivorous natural enemies. Herbivore-induced plant volatiles can be triggered by some insect specific elicitors. Multiple signaling transduction pathways are involved in plant defense responses to insect herbivores, and they can interact with each other, either synergistically or antagonistically. Understanding herbivore-induced plant responses can provide important information for the complement of integrated pest management tactics.