浙江省四社区不同人群居民跌伤现况研究

Cross-sectional study on falls in residents of four communities in Zhejiang Province,China

目的了解浙江省社区不同人群跌伤发生现况,为开展跌伤的预防研究提供依据。方法选择浙江省不同经济状况的城市和农村社区各2个,对16899名城乡居民2000年11月1日至2001年10月31日的跌伤情况进行回顾性问卷调查。结果跌伤标化发生率为507%,主要由滑倒和玩耍引起,男女差别不大,城市(495%)略低于农村(523%),以9月和10月所占比例为高(3190%)。学龄前儿童和老年人的跌伤发生率位居前两位,分别为2294%和1946%。各人群跌伤的原因不同,学龄前儿童以玩耍为主,青少年为玩耍和运动,成年和老年男性都以滑倒为首因,女性主要为滑倒和上下楼。随着年龄增大,跌伤所致的受伤程度和疾病负担有加重趋势。结论浙江省社区居民,特别是学龄前儿童和老年人跌伤的发生率较高,所致的社会和家庭负担较重,应针对不同人群跌伤的流行病学特点采取切实有效的预防控制措施。

Objective To understand the incidence of falls in different residents of four communities in Zhejiang Province to provide a basis for their prevention and control.Methods A household questionnaire survey on falls was conducted in 16 899 residents of two urban and two rural communities during November 2000 to October 2001.Results Standardized incidence rate of falls was 5.07%, higher in rural areas (5.23%) than that in urban areas (4.95%) and showing no significant differences by gender. Falls occurred in September and October accounted for 11.68% and 19.22% and those occurred in pre-school children and the elderly accounted for 22.94% and 19.46% of the total episodes, respectively. Leading causes of falls varied in different population, from falls during their play (7.65%) and sports (4.06%) in young people and pre-school children (19.12%), slipping down when walking in adult (1.21%) and elderly (4.28%) men, and slipping down when up and down stairs in adult and elderly women. Burden and severity of injury caused by falls were increased with age.Conclusions Incidence of falls in pre-school children and the elderly was higher in local residents of communities in Zhejiang Province, causing heavy burden to the society and their families. Varied relevent measures should be taken to prevent and control for falls in different subgroups of population.