杭州市411名大中学生睡眠状况调查

Investigation on sleep status of college and high school students

目的了解学生的睡眠状况,并提出解决办法。方法以匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)为调查工具,对医学院大学生、重点高中和初中毕业班学生进行问卷调查。结果大学生、高中和初中学生睡眠障碍的发生率分别为27%、62%和54%,其中失眠的发生率分别是17%、19%和19%,思睡的发生率是10%、43%和35%;男女生之间差异无统计学意义。初中生组与高中生组比较,感觉呼吸不畅的例数分别为5/155和1/154,差异有统计学意义;初中生组与大学生组比较,感觉热的例数分别为10/155和1/122,差异有统计学意义;初中生组、高中生组与大学生组比较,常感到困倦的例数分别为55/155、62/154和13/122,3组间比较差异有统计学意义;初中生组、高中生组和大学生组平均睡眠时间分别为(765±087)h、(716±083)h和(710±057)h,入睡时间中位数分别为15min、10min和20min,有午睡习惯的例数分别为8/155、19/154和75/122,3组间比较,差异均有统计学意义。结论与一般人群比较,中学生思睡的发生率极高,提示睡眠时间严重不足,午睡可改善其困倦现象。

Objective To investigate the sleep status of college and high schools students.MethodsPittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and self-manufactured questionnaires about siesta habits were used as tools.Three groups of students from medical college (MC), senior high school (SS) and junior high school (JS) were surveyed.Results In the group MC, SS and JS, the occurrence rates of sleep disorders were 27%, 62% and 54%, respectively, and in which the appearance rates of insomnia were 17%, 19% and 19%, longing for sleep were 10%, 43% and 35% respectively. And there were no significant difference between schoolboy and schoolgirl. The occurrence rates of slack breathing were different (5/155, 1/154) significantly between group SS and JS. The distinct differences also were found in group JS and MC, in which students felt hot (10/155, 1/122) and in all the three groups, in which students felt sleepy (55/155, 62/154, 13/122) whereas the difference of sleepy between group SS and JS was comparatively distinct (55/155, 62/154). Significant differences were also found between group JS and SS, MC in average sleep time of (7.65±0.87) hours、(7.16±0.83) hours, and (7.10±0.57 ) hours. The time of falling asleep (median 15 min, 10 min, 20 min) and siesta habit (8/155, 19/154, 75/122) among group MC and SS, JS were different respectively and markedly, whereas siesta habit differences between group SS and JS were comparatively distinct (8/155, 19/154).Conclusion Students in high school showed higher rate of longing for sleep, and this implicated they fall short of sleep time greatly and siesta could improve their sleepy signs.