深圳市学前儿童气质特征及其对行为发育和社会生活能力的影响

Research on the relationship with the character of tempterament and behavior development and social-life ability in preschool children

目的探讨深圳市学前儿童气质特征及其与行为发育和社会生活能力的相关性。方法使用儿童气质量表(PTQ)、Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)及婴儿-初中生社会生活能力量表,以向家长和幼师发放问卷的形式,对467名3～6岁儿童进行了气质、行为及社会生活能力调查。结果易养型(E)、难养型(D)、启动缓慢型(S)三类气质特征儿童的构成比分别为606%、291%和103%;D型和S型儿童的行为问题和社会生活能力低下的检出率显著高于E型。结论学前儿童气质特征对其行为表现和社会生活能力有重要的影响。提示要培养儿童具有良好的行为方式与社会生活能力,必须了解其气质特点,并根据气质因材施教。

Objective:To research the relationship with the character of tempterament and behavior development and social-life ability in preschool children. Methods:467 children aged 3～6 years were investigated by using Parent Temperament Questionnaire and Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist and Infants-Junior Middle School Student's Social-Life Abilities Scale. Results:The children with easy temperament(E) and difficult temperament(D) and slow-to-warm-up(S) respectively accounted for 60.6,29.1 and 10.3 percent.The children with the types of D and S had more behavior problems and low social-life abilities than the type of E.Conclusion:The importance of the character of tempterament must be emphasized for improving behavior development and social-life ability in preschool children.