惩罚性民事责任探析

A Study on Civil Punitive Liability

民事责任的补偿性在大陆法系根深蒂固，但为补救其在现代实践中的缺陷，建议在民事责任领域中引入英美法系的惩罚性赔偿制度，一方面惩罚预防强者对弱者权益的侵害行为；另一方面解决精神损害赔偿问题，以实现实质正义。惩罚性民事责任体现了国家对私生活自治有限度的干预，所以适用范围不宜过宽，它与民刑竣别和民事关系的平等性并不矛盾，其适用是法律政策的合理倾斜。

The function of compensation of civil liability is rooted deeply in the continental law system, but to make up for the defect in contemporary practice, the punitive damages in common law system is suggested to take up on civil liability field, so in one hand it can punish and prevent the actions that strong person violates the weak person’s right and benefit, in the other hand, it can solve the problem of the spirit damages, to accomplish the substantive justice. The civil punitive liability embody the intention that state interferes the autonomy in private life limitedly, so it’s scope shouldn’t be too broad. The civil punitive liability isn’t contradictory with the serious distinction between civil law and criminal law and the equality between the civil subjects, and enforcement of the civil punitive liability is the reasonable incline of law policy.