三峡工程水电站进水口的型式及其水力特性(英文)

The Three Gorges Power Intakes and Their Hydraulic Properties

主要论述三峡工程电站进水口的型式及其实验结果 .三峡电站进水口设计是有两种型式 ,即单孔方案和双孔方案 ,每种方案都经过数次体型优化 ,并对每种优化方案进行了模型试验 .本文根据试验成果对单、双孔进水口各方案的水力特性进行了综合评述及对比分析 ,最终得出 ,双孔方案总比单孔方案的流态更好 .在给定的控制条件下 ,双孔方案进水前不会导致任何的漩涡产生 ,相反 ,在单孔方案进水口前出现了挟气漩涡 .尽管这处漩涡在单四方案中可以被消除 ,但是要设置破选措施 .试验结果表明 ,双孔方案增大了电站进水口的面积 ,但是并没有降低水头损失 ,两种进口方案有着几乎相同的水头损失 ,但就某种方案而言 ,优化过程还是降低了水头损失的 .本文最后简要评价了

The paper is intended to describe the power intake schemes in the Three Gorges project and their experiment results. Both scheme A(intake with one entrance hole) and scheme B (intake with double holes) have been optimized for several times. According to experiment result, it has been found that scheme B always showed out much better flowing patterns than schem A. Under the given control condition, scheme B would not induce any air entraining vortices. On the contrary, air entraining vortices have been found before intake in scheme A. Although they could be removed away in A 4 scheme, vortices broken device has to be attached. Furthermore, Scheme B with enlarged entrance area and lower average velocity did not reduce head losses. Both schemes brought about almost same head losses. Nevertheless, the process of optimizations has achieved much benefit from the energy loss point of view. The paper at last simply evaluates the design criterions.