少年中长跑运动员跑的经济性与运动成绩关系研究

Investigation on Relationship between Running Performance and Running Economy in Juvenile Middle-Distance Runners

以体校男女各13名少年运动员为研究对象,采用跑台逐级递增负荷运动试验测试最大吸氧量,并以24m·min-1的恒定跑台速度测试跑的经济性RE,呼出气体通过JaegerEOS心肺功能测试仪,用开放式气体测试法分析。文中运动员成绩均为竞赛成绩。实验结果表明,跑的经济性RE(ml·kg-1·min-1)无显著性性别差异(P>0.05),但个体间存在较大的差异。RE(ml·kg-1·min-1)与1500m、400m跑运动成绩无显著性相关,RE(％V2max)与10km跑成绩呈显著相关。提示RE在较长距离跑中起重要作用。运动员想提高耐力水平,可以通过提高最大有氧能力或改善技术以提高经济性这两种方法实现。

13 male and 13 female trained juvenile runners from physical training school were taken as research subjects. Maximal oxygen uptake ( VO2max was determined using open-circuit method, treadmill running and a continuous protocol. Running economy (RE) was obtained based on the test of constant treadmill running with speed of 241m·min1.Jaeger EOS was exploited to analyze the expiration following open-style method. The latest tournament performances of these runners were employed for correlation analysis. Investigation results indicate that there was no significant difference in RE between the runners of both sexes while RE presented in ml·kg-1·min-1. However, large individual difference in RE was found RE presented in ml·kg-1·min-1 was not found to correlate with 400m and 1500m running performance,but RE presented as % VO2max correlated well with 10km running performance. These results suggested that RE may play an important role in over-distance and distance running.