有机硅单体合成工艺的研究进展

Advances in synthetic technology of organosilicon monomer

直接法合成有机硅单体(甲基氯硅烷)是有机硅工业的关键和基石。综述了近年来甲基氯硅烷的合成工艺研究新进展,包括原料、催化剂触体和工艺过程。详细介绍了采用形态学方法定量描述和评价原料硅的品质以揭示催化反应规律的研究现状。重点讨论了采用助催化剂使四元触体演变成硅铜锌锡磷五元催化剂触体以提高二甲基二氯硅烷收率、硅烷产率和硅粉转化率的进展。最后指出了直接法合成甲基氯硅烷的发展方向。

The direct synthesis of organosilicon monomer (methylchlorosilane) is the key and foundation stone of the global silicone industry. The advances in methylchlorosilane synthesis in past few years are reviewed, including raw materials, promoters and technological process. The raw silicon is evaluated quantitatively and characterized with morphology in order to uncover the mechanism of the reaction. In the discussion, focus is laid on the use of catalytic promotion for the graduation of quaternary form of it into the catalytic promotion of CuZnSnSiP for improving the selectivity of dimethyldichlorosilane, production rate of methylchlorosilane, and silicon utilization. Finally, the development trends of the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes are pointed out.